Science and Medicine

West Antarctic Ice Loss Still Within Normal Range

Previous work has shown that rapid thinning of Antarctic glaciers, which contributes significantly to sea level rise, was accompanied by accelerated warming and changes in atmospheric circulation near the coast..

Glaciers at the edge of the icy continent of Antarctica have been thinning dramatically, but the changes can’t be attributed with confidence to human-caused global warming, according to new ice core research.

Previous work has shown that rapid thinning of Antarctic glaciers, which contributes significantly to sea level rise, was accompanied by accelerated warming and changes in atmospheric circulation near the coast. The research showed that the majority of Antarctic warming came during the 1990s in response to El Niño conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean.

The new research suggests the ’90s were not greatly different from some other decades—such as the 1830s and 1940s—that also showed marked temperature spikes.

“If we could look back at this region of Antarctica in the 1940s and 1830s, we would find that the regional climate would look a lot like it does today, and I think we also would find the glaciers retreating much as they are today,” said Eric Steig, professor of Earth and space sciences at the University of Washington and lead author of a paper published online April 14 in Nature Geoscience.

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Should We Bring Back Extinct Species?

Scientists are currently working on three different approaches to restore lost plants and animals. In cloning, scientists use genetic material from the extinct species to create an exact modern copy.

Within 15 years, scientists may be able to revive some recently extinct species, like the dodo or the passenger pigeon. It’s not Jurassic Park, but is it a good idea?

In the April 5 issue of Science, Stanford University law Professor Hank Greely identifies the ethical landmines of this new concept of de-extinction.

“I view this piece as the first framing of the issues,” said Greely, director of the Stanford Center for Law and the Biosciences. “I don’t think it’s the end of the story, rather I think it’s the start of a discussion about how we should deal with de-extinction.”

Greely lays out potential benefits of de-extinction, from creating new scientific knowledge to restoring lost ecosystems. But the biggest benefit, Greely believes, is the “wonder” factor.

“It would certainly be cool to see a living saber-toothed cat,” Greely said. “Wonder may not seem like a substantive benefit, but a lot of science—such as the Mars rover—is done because of it.”

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Can snail teeth improve battery tech, solar cells?

Can biominerals sourced from snails improve lithium-ion batteries and solar cellconcentration?

Can biominerals sourced from snails improve lithium-ion batteries and solar cell concentration?

According to researchers at the University of California, Riverside, the hunt for ways to improve battery energy storage and recharging, as well as the sunlight capture and concentration in solar cells, could be found in the strangest of places.

Assistant Professor David Kisailus, who has been studying a marine snail found off the U.S. coast called the chiton, has found that the snail’s teeth—constantly worn down by rasping algae off rocks and then replaced by further rows—could hold the key for improving our battery technology. The teeth, which contain the hardest-known biomineral magnetite, undergo an interesting process to become hard enough to cope with gnawing on rocks, as Wards autosummarizes:

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