A recently released CDC study has documented that the organism known as S aureus has now evolved to be 63% resistant to the most common antibiotics such as methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin. The press release indicated that almost 19,000 people died and 94,000 suffered life-threatening infections from this resistant bug; 85% of these infections developed in hospitals or long-term stay facilities. The infections occurred most often in those over age 65, with double the number occurring in black individuals; 100% compliance with CDC infection control guidelines is necessary for control. S aureus is found on the skin and is the cause of most skin infections such as boils or pimples. Because it forms a biofilm for protection, it is hard to treat; but untreated, it can infect the blood, lungs, and bones. Treating the infected site with incision and drainage (I&D) usually works, unless MRSA has produced a toxin, which can kill the patient in 72 hours. While most infections oc-cur in hospitals and similar facilities, others can become infected in locker rooms by sharing community items; skin to skin contamination; poor hygiene: and with crowded living arrangements. Three strains are found in the United States, and many patients may not be aware they are infected until the bacteria is cultured (first symptom is a high fever after a skin infection). When suspecting MRSA infection, see a physician immediately and take the full regimen of antibiotics to avoid microbial resistance. To avoid exposure to the MRSA bacteria, always practice good hand hygiene, cover all cuts and scrapes, keep away from patients’ wounds and bandages, and don’t share personal items (razors, jewelry, hair brushes, etc) with another. Wash sheets, towels, and clothes with hot water and bleach, and dry in a hot dryer. Be aware that community settings such as schools, dormitories, daycare facilities, gyms, etc, are likely settings for MRSA contamination. Understand the disease process and the implications of infection. Be a resource for staff and patients.
(Source: Journal of Practical Hygiene, November/December 2007)
